The primal cells are called stem cells. These cells further develop into different kinds of cells including sperm and egg. There are three basic varieties of stem cells:

• Embryonic stem cells derived from blastocysts
• Cord blood stem cells derived from umbilical cord
• Adult stem cells derived from adult tissues.

Research across the world has given new hope for infertility treatment. Considering that the stem cells have the ingredients to generate fertile sperm and eggs, the spotlight is on deriving the right kind of stem at the right age. This suggests longer reproductive life for women who were told that their ovaries that they were born with is irreplenishable and fast depleting lessening the chance of having a biological baby. For men who have to undergo say chemotherapy, the only option available was to freeze the semen before treatment. This had only about 50% chance of success when used. Stem cells can now be injected to produce healthy new sperm after the treatment.